01-17-2015, 05:36 AM
Setting aside the Bates study for now, a couple more quick clarifications.
The 200 tonnes SO2 is from East Rift Zone estimate part of the daily update.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/activity/kilaueastatus.php
"The most recent measurement of sulfur dioxide emissions from all East Rift Zone vents was about 200 tonnes per day on January 7."
As for volcanic venting of H2S, USGS has said that most of that is quickly decomposed by reaction with SO2 unlike geothermal areas.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/arch...08_25.html
"An interesting chemical relationship exists between the sulfur dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide released by the volcano. These two gases react quickly (within minutes) with each other to produce sulfur particles and water vapor. Both of the products of this reaction are odorless and are less toxic than either H2S or SO2. Most of the hydrogen sulfide released in eruptive areas on Kilauea is consumed and is converted to sulfur particles by this process, because there is much more sulfur dioxide than hydrogen sulfide coming out of the volcano. This is why you seldom smell hydrogen sulfide at the summit caldera or along the eruptive east rift. The volcano has its own hydrogen sulfide abatement system!
Geothermal areas, by contrast, have no large quantities of SO2 available for reaction, so any H2S released is removed by reaction with oxygen in the air to form sulfur dioxide, a process that takes a day or more."
The 200 tonnes SO2 is from East Rift Zone estimate part of the daily update.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/activity/kilaueastatus.php
"The most recent measurement of sulfur dioxide emissions from all East Rift Zone vents was about 200 tonnes per day on January 7."
As for volcanic venting of H2S, USGS has said that most of that is quickly decomposed by reaction with SO2 unlike geothermal areas.
http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/arch...08_25.html
"An interesting chemical relationship exists between the sulfur dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide released by the volcano. These two gases react quickly (within minutes) with each other to produce sulfur particles and water vapor. Both of the products of this reaction are odorless and are less toxic than either H2S or SO2. Most of the hydrogen sulfide released in eruptive areas on Kilauea is consumed and is converted to sulfur particles by this process, because there is much more sulfur dioxide than hydrogen sulfide coming out of the volcano. This is why you seldom smell hydrogen sulfide at the summit caldera or along the eruptive east rift. The volcano has its own hydrogen sulfide abatement system!
Geothermal areas, by contrast, have no large quantities of SO2 available for reaction, so any H2S released is removed by reaction with oxygen in the air to form sulfur dioxide, a process that takes a day or more."